Energy Efficient Clustering Routing Protocol and ACO Algorithm in WSN

In a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), there are some energy constrained tiny sensor devices called nodes. These nodes can sense the environment, capture the data and routing them optimally to the base station. It is used in many applications including agriculture, medicine and transportation. However, the existing routing algorithms for WSN are not energy efficient and hence it reduces the network lifetime. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the network lifetime by applying clustering of nodes and the routing with cluster head nodes. In the proposed model, the cluster heads are selected based on distance from other member nodes, residual energy and low mobility. The cluster heads are rotated periodically since they are made to accomplish the routing tasks. Consequently, selecting the optimal clusters, cluster heads and routing through an energy efficient reliable routing is the challenge to be considered in the design of WSN. In this paper, a new reliable as well as energy-efficient routing algorithm has been proposed by performing clustering, cluster head selection, reliable routing algorithm with failure identification based routing is considered in this work. For achieving this, the nodes are clustered and then an intelligent routing process by the application of Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is proposed for effective data delivery. The major findings are the improvement in communication reliability, data delivery services and reduction of energy requirements.