Induction of T-cell immunity against leukemia by dendritic cells pulsed with total RNA isolated from leukemia cells

Objectives To assess the feasibility and efficacy of eliciting leukemia-specific T-cell responses in syngeneic mice in vitro and in vivo using dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with total RNA from leukemia cells. Methods DCs generated from bone marrow culture in vitro in the presence of combined cytokines were pulsed with cellular total RNA isolated from cultured L615 cells by cationic lipid 1 2-dioleoyloxy-3-(trimethylammonium) propane (DOTAP). T-cell responses were evaluated by in vitro proliferation, and cytotoxicity assay. And in vivo immune protection and proghosis of mice with leukemia were studied. Results DCs pulsed with total RNA isolated from cultured L615 cells (DCs/RNA) were remarkably effective in stimulating L615-specific T-cell response in vitro, but did not cross-react with other leukemia cells from syngeneic mice. Vaccination of naive mice with viable DCs/RNA vaccine was able to partly protect from challenge with a lethal dose of live L615 cells, leading to low leukemia incidence and overall survival prolongation. Statistically significant survival was also observed in a low lethal dose of L615-bearing mice that received treatment using viable DCs/RNA vaccine alone, suggesting that systemic administration of IL-2 could enhance the anti-tumor efficacy of leukemia RNA/DCs vaccine. Conclusions These data support the use of DCs/RNA vaccine as a feasible and effective route to elicit leukemia immunity against unidentified leukemia-associated antigens for treatment of leukemia-bearing animals.