The Origin of the [C II] Deficit in a Simulated Dwarf Galaxy Merger-driven Starburst

被引:18
作者
Bisbas, Thomas G. [1 ,2 ]
Walch, Stefanie [1 ]
Naab, Thorsten [3 ]
Lahen, Natalia [3 ]
Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo [4 ]
Steinwandel, Ulrich P. [5 ]
Fotopoulou, Constantina M. [3 ]
Hu, Chia-Yu [6 ]
Johansson, Peter H. [7 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cologne, Phys Inst, Zulpicher Str 77, Cologne, Germany
[2] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Phys, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
[3] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany
[4] Univ Concepcion, Barrio Univ, Dept Astron, Concepcion, Chile
[5] Flatiron Inst, Ctr Computat Astrophys, 162 5th Ave, New York, NY 10010 USA
[6] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
[7] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Gustaf Hallstromin Katu 2, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
基金
芬兰科学院; 欧洲研究理事会;
关键词
158; MU-M; SPACE-OBSERVATORY MEASUREMENTS; GIANT MOLECULAR CLOUDS; NEUTRAL ATOMIC PHASES; MICRON LINE DEFICIT; STAR-FORMATION; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; PHOTODISSOCIATION REGION; MILKY-WAY; EMISSION;
D O I
10.3847/1538-4357/ac7960
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
We present [C II] synthetic observations of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations of a dwarf galaxy merger. The merging process varies the star formation rate (SFR) by more than three orders of magnitude. Several star clusters are formed, the feedback of which disperses and unbinds the dense gas through expanding H II regions and supernova (SN) explosions. For galaxies with properties similar to the modeled ones, we find that the [C II] emission remains optically thin throughout the merging process. We identify the warm neutral medium (3 < log T-gas < 4 with chi(HI) > 2 chi(H2)) to be the primary source of [C II] emission (similar to 58% contribution), although at stages when the H II regions are young and dense (during star cluster formation or SNe in the form of ionized bubbles), they can contribute greater than or similar to 50% to the total [C II] emission. We find that the [C II]/far-IR (FIR) ratio decreases owing to thermal saturation of the [C II] emission caused by strong far-UV radiation fields emitted by the massive star clusters, leading to a [C II] deficit medium. We investigate the [C II]-SFR relation and find an approximately linear correlation that agrees well with observations, particularly those from the Dwarf Galaxy Survey. Our simulation reproduces the observed trends of [C II]/FIR versus Sigma(S)(FR) and Sigma(FIR), and it agrees well with the Kennicutt relation of SFR-FIR luminosity. We propose that local peaks of [C II] resolved observations may provide evidence for ongoing massive cluster formation.
引用
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页数:18
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