Paracoccus aestuariivivens sp nov., isolated from a tidal flat

A Gram-stain-negative, non-spore-forming, non-motile and coccoid, ovoid or short-rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated GHD-30(T), was isolated from a tidal flat on the Yellow Sea in South Korea, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain GHD-30(T) grew optimally at 30 degrees C, at pH 6.5-7.5 and in the presence of 2.0% (w/v) NaCl. The phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain GHD-30(T) represented a member of the genus Paracoccus. Strain GHD-30(T) exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 97.10-97.33% to the type strains of Paracoccus lutimaris, Paracoccus limosus and Paracoccus halophilus and of 94.35-96.97% to the type strains of the other species of the genus Paracoccus. Strain GHD-30(T) contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and C-18:1 omega 7c as the major fatty acid. The major polar lipids detected in strain GHD-30(T) were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, one unidentified glycolipid and one unidentified aminolipid. The DNA G+C content of strain GHD-30(T) was 62.0 mol% and its mean DNA-DNA relatedness values with the type strains of P. lutimaris, P. limosus, and P. halophilus were 11-19 %. Differential phenotypic properties, together with its phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, revealed that strain GHD-30(T) is separated from recognized species of the genus Paracoccus. On the basis of the data presented, strain GHD-30(T) is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Paracoccus, for which the name Paracoccus aestuariivivens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GHD-30(T) (= KCTC 52214(T) = NBRC 111993(T)).