Exploration of Significance of Tourism: Proper Tourism and Tourism Encountering with Other

In A Phenomenology of Tourist Experiences, Erik Cohen mentions two ways of tourism centered on the world of significance. For a person whose work and life are just in line with the world of significance, tourism appears to be a temporal break away from the life he agrees with and the spiritual center. Life is exactly what one agrees with, so travel often appears as temporal deviation from the spiritual center. In contrast, for people whose daily lives are alienated from the spiritual center of his own society, travel often appears as a pilgrimage to look for another spiritual center. But we observe that both touristic modes seem to occur around the spiritual center. If, according to Cohen, different individuals need to be attached to different centers of significance, and the tourist experience is tightly related to this spiritual center, then it seems that the exploration of the meaning of travel initiated by this context must be further considered: (1) How to break through the stereotypes and the constraint of the existing spiritual center and to achieve a reconstruction of significance in the tourist experience? (2) Whether or how the tourist could realize a "proper" touristic experience? (3) Whether or how to discover the meaning of Self during the travel?