Relaxation of an Isolated Dipolar-Interacting Rydberg Quantum Spin System

被引：76
作者：
Orioli, A. Pineiro [1 ]
Signoles, A. [2 ]
Wildhagen, H. [2 ,11 ]
Guenter, G. [2 ]
Berges, J. [3 ]
Whitlock, S. [2 ,4 ,5 ,6 ]
Weidemueller, M. [2 ,7 ,8 ,9 ,10 ]
机构：
[1] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, Philosophenweg 16, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
[2] Heidelberg Univ, Phys Inst, Neuenheimer Feld 226, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
[3] ExtreMe Matter Inst EMMI, Planckstr 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
[4] Univ Strasbourg, IPCMS UMR 7504, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
[5] Univ Strasbourg, ISIS UMR 7006, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
[6] CNRS, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
[7] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei Natl Lab Phys Sci Microscale, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China
[8] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China
[9] Univ Sci & Technol China, CAS Ctr Excellence, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China
[10] Univ Sci & Technol China, Synerget Innovat Ctr Quantum Informat & Quantum P, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China
[11] Univ Med Ctr Gottingen, Dept Neuro & Sensory Physiol, Gottingen, Germany
来源：
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS | 2018年 / 120卷 / 06期
关键词：
MANY-BODY LOCALIZATION; OPTICAL LATTICE; TRAPPED IONS; POLAR-MOLECULES; DYNAMICS; ENTANGLEMENT; PROPAGATION; EQUILIBRIUM; SIMULATIONS; GENERATION;
D O I：
10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.063601
中图分类号：
O4 [物理学];
学科分类号：
0702 ;
摘要：
How do isolated quantum systems approach an equilibrium state? We experimentally and theoretically address this question for a prototypical spin system formed by ultracold atoms prepared in two Rydberg states with different orbital angular momenta. By coupling these states with a resonant microwave driving, we realize a dipolar XY spin-1/2 model in an external field. Starting from a spin-polarized state, we suddenly switch on the external field and monitor the subsequent many-body dynamics. Our key observation is density dependent relaxation of the total magnetization much faster than typical decoherence rates. To determine the processes governing this relaxation, we employ different theoretical approaches that treat quantum effects on initial conditions and dynamical laws separately. This allows us to identify an intrinsically quantum component to the relaxation attributed to primordial quantum fluctuations.
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页数：7
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