A test for sexual selection on hybrids of two sympatric sticklebacks

In this study we assessed whether sexual selection against hybrids contributes to reproductive isolation between two sympatric stickleback species. The species are recently diverged and possibly in the final stages of speciation. Our aim was to find whether mating discrimination of the parental species selects against F-1 hybrids, and what conditions are necessary for such sexual selection to operate. We used conservative no-choice laboratory trials with reproductively naive, lab-reared fish to measure female mating preferences. Females exhibited ranked preferences, preferring in order: conspecific, hybrid, then heterospecific males. However, intermediate attractiveness does not necessarily imply selection against hybrids: two-way ANOVAs suggested that limnetic, benthic, and hybrid males were statistically equivalent when averaged across females. Thus, this experiment found no evidence for a hybrid mating disadvantage. Our interpretation is that if sexual selection against hybrids is present in the wild, then some factor that biases encounter rates between hybrids and parental species (e.g., habitat selection) is necessary to produce it.