High-speed and compact quenching circuit for single-photon avalanche diodes

In this paper, an innovative active-quenching and recharging circuit for single-photon avalanche diodes is presented. The proposed driver is very fast and extremely compact. It is based on a novel quenching paradigm that heavily reduces dead time, which now is only limited by the sensor rather than the circuit itself. To test speed performance, we designed the circuit with a dielectrically insulated 2-mu m technology supplied by ST Microelectronics and carried out postlayout simulations using SPECTRE. Moreover, the functionality of the circuit was also validated with experimental measurements on a medium scale integration (MSI) discrete implementation.