Learner outcomes and satisfaction: A comparison of live video-streamed instruction, satellite broadcast instruction, and face-to-face instruction

This study examined the final grade and satisfaction level differences among students taking specific courses using three different methods: face-to-face in class, via satellite broadcasting at remote sites, and via live video-streaming at home or at work. In each case, the same course was taught by the same instructor in all three delivery methods, and an attempt was made to survey students taking the course via the three different delivery methods. MANOVA results indicated no grade or satisfaction level differences among the three populations. Self-reported computer literacy skills revealed a slight fit between the chosen delivery mode and the reported computer literacy skills. These results provide additional evidence to support both the "no significant difference" phenomenon and the use of distance education as a viable, convenient and flexible alternative delivery mode capable of extending learning opportunities to non-traditional students. Published by Elsevier Ltd.