A review of sample thickness effects on high-resolution transmission electron microscopy imaging

被引:19
作者
Li, Shouqing [1 ,2 ]
Chang, Yunjie [3 ,4 ]
Wang, Yumei [1 ]
Xu, Qiang [5 ]
Ge, Binghui [6 ,7 ]
机构
[1] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China
[2] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
[3] Yale Univ, Dept Microbial Pathogenesis, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06511 USA
[4] Yale Univ, Microbial Sci Inst, West Haven, CT 06516 USA
[5] Nanodim GZ, Guangzhou 510290, Peoples R China
[6] Anhui Univ, Inst Phys Sci & Informat Technol, Hefei 230601, Peoples R China
[7] Anhui Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Struct & Funct Regulat Hybrid Mat, Hefei 230601, Peoples R China
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
High-resolution transmission electron microscopy; Sample thickness; Dynamical effect; Non-linear effect; RECONSTRUCTION; CONTRAST; DIFFRACTION; TOMOGRAPHY; CRYSTALS; ATOMS;
D O I
10.1016/j.micron.2019.102813
中图分类号
TH742 [显微镜];
学科分类号
摘要
High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) is an important approach to analyzing material structures. However, in reality, preparing a sufficiently thin sample for use in HRTEM, based on which images could be interpreted by weak phase object approximation theory, is difficult. During the imaging process, the thickness of the sample has two primary effects-a dynamical effect and a non-linear effect. Both are reviewed in this paper. Considering only the dynamical effect, the Bloch wave method and multislice theory have been proposed to understand the relationship between sample thickness and imaging. These methods exhibit high accuracy but high complexity as well. Sacrificing accuracy, pseudo-weak phase object approximation (PWPOA) theory can provide clues to the relationship in reciprocal space with greater simplicity. Meanwhile, in real space, channeling theory describes the dynamical effect with sufficient accuracy, and with the is state approximation, i.e., for a certain range of thicknesses, it provides a physical image and simplified expression with which to describe the relationship between the exit wave and sample thickness. As for the non-linear effect, a method of separating linear and non-linear information using a combination of transmission cross-coefficient theory and PWPOA theory was recently proposed. The variation of non-linear and linear imaging with sample thickness has also been discussed. A deep understanding has been acquired regarding the effects of the sample thickness, but a complete understanding of the HRTEM imaging process for thick samples has remained elusive. This understanding is crucial to the retrieval of structure from HRTEM images.
引用
收藏
页数:9
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