Optimizing Perovskite Solar Cell Architecture in Multistep Routes Including Electrodeposition

The electrodeposition technique was explored as a powerful method for perovskite fabrication. It possesses the ability to elaborate high-quality perovskite layers on large-size substrates, with minimal manufacturing costs. In this work, the electrodeposition of PbO2 was conducted as a first step to elaborate MAPbI(3) perovskite layers. Two conversion routes have been considered to reach the perovskite film. The first one is an immediate conversion of PbO2 into PK1 by immersion in methylammonium iodide (MAI, CH3 NH3I) solution. The second route is a two-step conversion: initial PbO2 conversion into PbI2 by immersion in hydrogen iodide (HI), followed by PbI2 conversion into PK2 by immersion in MAI. For further evaluation of the impact of the conversion pathway and the nature of the substrate, an in-depth study of the microstructure, the morphology, and the key properties for the application of the perovskite layers has been conducted using a set of dedicated characterization techniques. Perovskite solar cells have also been developed using the electrodeposited active layers, which opens the way to promising performances using electrodeposition.