Imprints of subducted Palaeo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere on upper-mantle discontinuities and the formation of the Emeishan large igneous province

Generally, the upwelling of a mantle plume is suggested to have led to the formation of the Emeishan large igneous province (ELIP). However, this idea has been challenged by recent geological and seismological studies. In this investigation, three profiles of velocity perturbations crossing the ELIP are drawn following previous tomographic studies, and common conversion point (CCP) stacking of receiver functions in the ELIP is carried out. A slab-like high-velocity structure is revealed, which may be associated with the lithosphere of the Palaeo-Tethys Ocean (LPTO) subducting toward the northeast. CCP stacking of receiver functions shows that the LPTO generated imprints on the 410- and 660-km discontinuities. A comprehensive analysis suggests that the LPTO may have induced large-scale mantle upwelling, which contributed to the formation of the ELIP.