Energy efficient routing protocol using exponentially-ant lion whale optimization algorithm in wireless sensor networks

Energy efficiency is a key challenging task while designing routing model in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Various energy efficiency routing approaches are designed to transfer the data packets in a secure path through cluster head (CH), but to increase the lifespan of network and to maintain high scalability poses a complex task in WSN environment. Hence, an energy efficient and trust based routing model is designed using proposed Exponentially-Ant Lion Whale Optimization (E-ALWO) algorithm to route the data packets to receiver. However, the E-ALWO algorithm is derived by the integration of Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) concept with Ant Lion Optimization (ALO) and Whale Optimization algorithm (WOA), respectively. However, the proposed model performs the routing process through CH such that the selection of CH is made using ALWO algorithm based on the constraints, namely energy and delay. The optimal and the secure route used for the data transferring process is computed using proposed E-ALWO algorithm based on the fitness measure. The fitness function considers the factors, namely energy, trust, delay, and distance. Moreover, the path with maximal fitness value is accepted as the routing path, by which the data is forwarded to sink node through CH. The average performance measure achieved by the proposed method by considering without attack scenario in terms of delay, residual energy, throughput, and trust is 0.1484sec, 0.4998J, 42984kbps, and 0.5885.