Mercury, selenium and stable isotopes in four small cetaceans from the Southeastern Brazilian coast: Influence of feeding strategy

被引:34
作者
Baptista, Gilberto [1 ]
Kehrig, Helena A. [2 ]
Di Beneditto, Ana Paula M. [2 ]
Hauser-Davis, Rachel A. [3 ]
Almeida, Marcelo G. [2 ]
Rezende, Carlos E. [2 ]
Siciliano, Salvatore [4 ]
de Moura, Jailson F. [5 ]
Moreira, Isabel [1 ]
机构
[1] Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro, Dept Quim, BR-22453900 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
[2] Univ Estadual Norte Fluminense, Lab Ciencias Ambientais, BR-28013602 Campos Dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
[3] Univ Fed Estado Rio de Janeiro, Programa Posgrad Ciencias Biol Biodiversidade Neo, BR-22290240 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
[4] Inst Oswaldo Cruz FIOCRUZ, Pavilhao Mourisco Sala 122, BR-21040360 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
[5] Leibniz Ctr Trop Marine Ecol ZMT, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
关键词
Marine mammal; Trace elements; Tropical Western South Atlantic Ocean; Foraging habitat; Trophic position; Environmental risk assessment; SOUTH-EASTERN BRAZIL; BOTTLE-NOSED DOLPHINS; RIO-DE-JANEIRO; MARINE FOOD-WEB; TRACE-ELEMENTS; SUBCELLULAR-DISTRIBUTION; TROPHIC RELATIONSHIPS; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; NITROGEN ISOTOPES; BIOMAGNIFICATION;
D O I
10.1016/j.envpol.2016.08.088
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Dolphins are good bioindicators of the contamination status of marine ecosystems, since their dietary and habitat plasticity in both coastal and offshore ecotypes provide information on the trace elements levels originated from natural and anthropogenic sources. In this context, this study aimed to investigate provides mercury (Hg), selenium (Se) levels, trophic ecology and feeding environments of four small cetaceans (Tursiops truncatus, Steno bredanensis, Sotalia guianensis and Pontoporia blainvillei) inhabiting the central-northern coast of Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil. For the latter, delta N-15 and delta C-13 stable isotopes were used as indicators in this regard. Stable isotope values indicate that the four studied species have distinctive foraging habitats, coastal and least coastal, and occupy different trophic positions. The significant relationship found between muscle Hg and delta N-15 suggests that individual foraging preference remains relatively constant for the studied dolphin species over extended periods. The individual prey size and species are probably responsible for the differences found in Hg and Se concentrations in muscle tissue among all dolphin species. The vulnerable small coastal cetacean, P. blainvillei, which feeds on small teleost fish and squid, presented the lowest muscular Hg concentrations (less than 3.5 mu g g(-1) dry wt.). Meanwhile, S. bredanensis is more likely to uptake large amounts of trace elements among the four dolphin species, due to its feeding habits mainly being large offshore fish that accumulate high amounts of trace elements in organs and tissues. Differences found between Hg concentrations in fetus-mother pairs were much higher in S. guianensis than in P. blainvillei, suggesting that maternal contribution of Hg via placenta was more significant for the former. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:1298 / 1307
页数:10
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