The Role of Nutrients in the Development, Progression, and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

被引:93
作者
Mouzaki, Marialena [1 ]
Allard, Johane P. [2 ]
机构
[1] Hosp Sick Children, Dept Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
[2] Univ Toronto, Dept Med, Univ Hlth Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
关键词
NAFLD; fatty liver; nutrition; diet; obesity; INDUCED INSULIN-RESISTANCE; INDUCED HEPATIC STEATOSIS; LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTION; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; VITAMIN-E; GLYCEMIC INDEX; IRON OVERLOAD; WEIGHT-LOSS; CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS; DIETARY REQUIREMENTS;
D O I
10.1097/MCG.0b013e31824cf51e
中图分类号
R57 [消化系及腹部疾病];
学科分类号
摘要
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of liver disease in adults and children and is currently the third most common indication for liver transplantation in North America. Its pathogenesis is thought to be secondary to multiple "hits" derived from the dietary components, adipose tissue, immune system, and intestinal microbiota. Lack of physical activity may contribute as well. Nutrients may exert their effect directly or through alteration of the intestinal microbiota. Research focusing on specific dietary components predisposing to NAFLD has shown conflicting results. Total energy intake, and macronutrients, has been linked to the development of NAFLD. Fructose not only contributes to hepatic steatosis but may trigger inflammatory signals as well. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are thought to exert anti-inflammatory effects. The role of vitamins as well as minerals in this field is actively being investigated. In this review, we discuss the evidence-linking macronutrients (such as carbohydrates and fat in general and fructose, fiber, short chain fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty, and choline specifically) and micronutrients (such as vitamin E and C and minerals) with the development and treatment of NAFLD. We also discuss the literature on physical activity and NAFLD.
引用
收藏
页码:457 / 467
页数:11
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