Association between reproductive factors and breast cancer in an urban set up at central India: A case-control study

BACKGROUND: Epigenetic changes, geography and environmental factors do surpass the genetic factors in the development of breast cancer. This study investigates the association of reproductive factors with the breast cancer in this context. OBJECTIVE: To detect the association of reproductive risk factors with breast cancer in an urban set up at central India. STUDY DESIGN: Matched paired community-based case-control study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted for a period of a year from October 2008 to August 2009 in Bhopal (MP). Demographic data and reproductive risk factor related information were collected using structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done by Epi-info and SPSS 16. RESULTS: History of using oral contraceptive pills (OR = 3.02, 95% CI: 1.28-7.11), history of not having breastfeeding (OR = 3.62, 95% CI: 1.29-10.16) and family history of breast cancer (OR = 3.98, 95% CI: 1.06-14.826) were associated significantly with the occurrence of breast cancer in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the present study suggests that positive family history of breast cancer and history of using OCP may be the epigenetic factors promoting the occurrence of breast cancer while breastfeeding reduces the possibility of acquiring breast cancer.