Contributions of the different rabbit models to our understanding of rotator cuff pathology

Animal models designed to investigate the biologic aspects of rotator cuff pathology are being used and being developed in the rat, rabbit, dog, and other mammals. The current models have provided valuable information regarding the etiology, pathogenesis, and healing potential of the tendon, as well as effective surgical repair techniques for rotator cuff tears. Rabbit models have primarily been used to describe the muscular changes, rotator cuff enthesis formation, and growth factor expression after rotator cuff injury. This article will serve to review the data obtained from previously described rabbit models and a newly developed rabbit model for studying rotator cuff pathology.