Economic consequences of the transition process toward green and sustainable economies: costs and advantages

The main costs and advantages consequent to the transition toward green and sustainable economies and societies are here identified and discussed, although it is not possible to quantify them. The aspects considered are: non-renewable and renewable resources, technological and production trends, features of sustainable products, mission, size and relations of enterprises, levels and distribution of wealth, buying power and lifestyles, sustainable cities and transportation means. This first analysis aims to increase knowledge about the economic and social effects related to a green and sustainable economy, where priority is given to the basic question of natural resources (non-renewable and renewable), given their limitedness. It should be considered as a reference point to set their price, even in a differentiated manner, and to pursue their maximal utilisation. All other aspects stem directly from this, including environmental balances.