Persian Validation and Cultural Adaptation of the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire-Aesthetic Surgery for Iranian Rhinoplasty Patients

BACKGROUND Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is one of the obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) which is very common in populations. However, the diagnosis rate is lower than the reality. BDD may lead to loneliness, jobless, avoidance of daily life and public activities. The Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire-Aesthetic Surgery (BDDQ-AS) is the validated questionnaire used to screen the BBD in patients seeking cosmetic surgeries. This study aimed to translate and validate a Persian version of the BDDQ-AS. METHODS This analytical-descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Firoozgar Hospital, Tehran, Iran to validate the BDDQ-AS in Iranian society in 2020. A standard forward and back-translation procedure was followed. Overall, 79 Persian-speaking patients of both sexes referred to rhinoplasty surgery department at Firoozgar hospital were recruited. The control group consisted of 70 patients who also completed the final questionnaire. The BDDQ-AS was translated into Farsi. The final version was tested for reliability and validity in both groups. RESULTS The internal consistency and split-half test were 89.2% and 92% respectively in rhinoplasty group. The spearman's correlation coefficient between the scores obtained in BDD-YBOCS and BDDQ-AS was 0.757 (P<0.001) which confirmed the criterion validity and the minimum value of CVI was 0.79 that all items were relevant, transparent and simple. CONCLUSION The Persian version of the BDDQ-AS questionnaire consist of 6 short yes/no questions which is less time-consuming and reliable for interpreting and screening. The sensitivity and specificity of this version are 85.71% and 81% respectively, which are adequate for screening.