Optical temperature sensing using upconversion luminescence in rare-earth ions doped Ca2Gd8(SiO4)6O2 phosphors

A series of Yb3+-Er3+, Yb3+-Ho3+, and Yb3+-Tm3+ doped Ca2Gd8(SiO4)(6)O-2 (CGS) phosphors were synthesized by solid-state reaction method, and their upconversion (UC) luminescence properties for temperature sensing were studied. Upon 980 nm excitation, the green and red emissions of Er3+ were observed, and the optimal Er3+ concentration was determined to be 3 mol%. For the CGS: 10%Yb3+, yHo(3+) phosphors, three emission peaks in the green, red and near-infrared region appear. It was found that the relative intensities of Ho3+ different emissions change with Ho3+ concentration, which has been explained by the cross-relaxation process. The strongest Tm3+ emission appeared at 790 nm, attributed to the H-3(4)-H-3(6) transition. The optimal Tm3+ concentration was determined to be 0.5 mol%. The temperature sensing behavior was evaluated by employing the thermally-coupled or non-thermally coupled levels of Er3+, Ho3+ and Tm3+. The maximum sensitivities obtained are 3.71 x 10(-3) and 1.12 K-1 for CGS:10%Yb3+,3%Er3+, 0.111 K-1 for CGS:10%Yb3+,3%Ho3+ and 3.3 x 10(-4) K-1 for CGS:10% Yb3+,0.5% Tm3+, respectively. The high sensitivities indicate the present phosphors could have potential application in temperature sensing. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.