Depiction of the Superior Petrosal Vein Complex by 3D Contrast-Enhanced MR Angiography

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Intraoperative obliteration of the superior petrosal vein complex has a relevant risk of postoperative complications. A large venous diameter and the absence of anastomoses have been previously suggested as possible risk factors. 3D contrast-enhanced MRA was evaluated for the identification of superior petrosal vein anatomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five patients (10 men; age, 20-77 years) with a 3D-MRA (voxel size, 0.4 x 0.4 x 0.5 mm(3)) at 3T, including the posterior fossa, were retrospectively identified. Image evaluation was performed independently by 2 neuroradiologists with respect to overall image quality and the presence, location, size, tributaries, and anastomotic veins of the superior petrosal vein complex. Additionally, 8 neurosurgical cases with intraoperative validation of the venous anatomy were examined. RESULTS: All studies were of diagnostic image quality. Interobserver agreement was excellent for image-quality measurements (r = 0.751-0.982) and good for measured vessel size (r = 0.563-0.828). A total of 83 superior petrosal veins were identified. The distribution of drainage locations and identification of tributaries and anastomotic veins were consistent with previous anatomic studies. The results showed that 4.8% of superior petrosal veins had a diameter of >2 mm and lacked a visible anastomosis. All surgical cases showed excellent agreement between the MRA and the intraoperative observations. CONCLUSIONS: 3D-MRA with high resolution is appropriate for analyzing the size, course, tributaries, and anastomoses of the superior petrosal vein. A total of 4.8% of the identified superior petrosal veins had to be classified as potential high-risk veins. The measurements correlated with the intraoperative findings.