Lipidomic profiles from seed oil of Carapa guianensis Aubl. and Carapa vasquezii Kenfack and implications for the control of phytopathogenic fungi

The oils of species from the genus Carapa are widely used for the control of diseases and the production of cosmetics. In this study, the lipidomic profiles of the oil from Carapa guianensis and C. vasquezii seed were characterized with an emphasis on the major compounds and their synergistic implications for the inhibition of phytopathogenic fungi (Aspergillus fiavus, A. niger and Fusarium oxysporum). C. guianensis oil contained 42.3% methyl oleate, 26.0% methyl palmitate and 12.5% oleic acid as their principal compounds. C. vasquezii oil contained 38.6% methyl oleate, 20.5% methyl palmitate and 14.5% oleic acid. The presence of myristic acid compounds (0.1%), methyl 11-eicosanoate (0.1%), scalene (0.1%) and beta-sitosterol (0.1%) was the special feature of the oil from C. guianensis. On the other hand, arachidic acid (0.15%) was found specifically in C. vasquezii. The C. vasquezii and C. guianensis oils showed a deleterious effect against the three phytopathogenic fungi, with IC 50 values ranging from 6.5 to 47.8 mu L-1 and 19.7 to 71.2 mu L mL(-1), respectively. The oils from Carapa seeds had inhibitory effects on the conidial germination of A. fiavus, A. niger and F. oxysporum. The oils from C. guianensis and C. vasquezii had similar lipidomic profiles for the major compounds, but C. vasquezii oil had a greater per-centage of saturated fatty acids when compared to C. guianensis and its inhibition of A. fiavus, A. niger and F. oxysporum suggested synergistic actions of the substances in the control of phytopathogenic fungi.