Topology Optimization to reduce the stress shielding effect for orthopedic applications

Orthopedic problems are significantly increasing posing pressure to healthcare systems. Traditional clinical procedures for traumatic bone fracture applications comprise the use of high stiffness metallic implants caused by the built-up material and implant design. These implants show a high mechanical mismatch comparing to bone properties resulting in stress shielding phenomena that leads to less dense and fragile bone. This paper follows a design phase by exploring the use of 3D Topology Optimization to create lightweight metallic implants with reduced stiffness, thus minimising stress shielding and bone loss problems. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.