Differential learning processes for laparoscopic and open supraumbilical pyloromyotomy

To compare the learning curves for mastering OP and LP surgical techniques, in terms of effects on completion times and postoperative outcomes/complications. A retrospective analysis was performed for 198 patients with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. The learning curves were in regard to two groups of surgeons: three of whom performed 106 OPs while three others performed 92 LPs. Treatment-related complications were divided into two categories: specific complications relating to the pyloromyotomy and non-specific complications. A logistic regression model with repeated data was used to explore the occurrence of complications. The overall postoperative complication rates were not significantly different between the OP (15.1 %) and the LP (11.8 %) groups. Specific complications were more frequent in the LP group (6.4 versus 2.8 %), while non-specific complications were more frequent in the OP group (12.1 versus 5.3 %). The occurrence of complications exhibited a statistically decreasing risk with each supplementary procedure that was performed (p = 0.0067) in the LP group, but not in the OP group (p = 0.9665). From a learning process perspective, laparoscopy is mainly associated with a significantly higher risk of specific complications. This risk decreases in line with the surgeon's level of experience, whereas non-specific complications remain stable in open procedures.