Design and green synthesis of 1-(4-ferrocenylbutyl)piperazine chemically grafted reduced graphene oxide for supercapacitor application

In this paper, we report the green synthesis of 1-(4-ferrocenylbutyl)piperazine chemically grafted rGO (P.Fc/rGO) as a battery-type supercapacitor electrode material. For this purpose, initially, the ability of the aqueousDamsonfruit extract is investigated in the reduction reaction of graphene oxide (GO). 1-(4-ferrocenylbutyl)piperazine (P.Fc) is synthesizedvianucleophilic substitution reaction of piperazine with as-synthesized 4-chlorobutylferrocene. In continue, P. Fc is incorporated to GO by ring-opening reaction of epoxide groups on the GO surface. In the next step, the modified reduction method by aqueousDamsonfruit extract was used to prepare the P.Fc/rGO from P.Fc/GO. The prepared materials were characterized by various techniques including FT-IR, Uv-vis, XRD, SEM, EDX, and BET. N(2)adsorption-desorption data of P.Fc/rGO nanocomposite shows that the surface area is 37.746 m(2)g(-1). The capability of P.Fc/rGO nanocomposite for using as an energy storage electrode material in battery-type supercapacitor was examined by investigation of its electrochemical behavior by CV, EIS, and GCD measurements. The charge storage capacity of 1,102 mAh g(-1)is achieved at 2.5 A g(-1). This nanocomposite shows 89% retention of charge storage capacity after 2000 CV cycles.