Gender-Based Survey Analysis of Research and Mentoring in Interventional Radiology

Purpose: This study sought to define gender-related differences in attitudes, perceptions, and aspirations among trainees interested in interventional radiology (IR) and to analyze their experiences in research and mentorship. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted among the members of the Society of Interven-tional Radiology Resident, Fellow, and Student section and Medical Student section in the summer of 2020. The anony-mous, internally validated 27-item survey assessed demographics, research attitudes and experiences, mentorship, and career aspirations. Descriptive statistics were calculated using Fisher exact analyses and Student t-tests. The institutional review board approved the protocols for this study. Results: Of 105 respondents who indicated their gender, 30% were women and 70% were men. Although both genders reported similar levels of research experience, female trainees were less likely to feel valued and encouraged by their institution to engage in research (2.79 out of 4 vs 3.16 out of 4, P = .02) and were less likely to indicate that their program required them to participate in research (2.47 vs 3.06, P = .01). Female residents and fellows reported more difficulty in finding a mentor (2.88 vs 3.28, P = .04) and received less mentorship relating to IR education (29% vs 64%, P = .002). Conclusions: This work provides a perspective on the perceived obstacles faced by female trainees in pursuing research and finding effective mentorship in the field of IR. These data may guide future interventions to boost interest and engagement in IR research and residency programs in a way that promotes gender diversity and equity in the field.