Successful Live Birth in Patients with Recurrent Implantation Failure by Using Pinopode Detection for Personalized Embryo Transfer A Report of Two Cases

BACKGROUND: For successful embryo implantation, the endometrium must reach a receptive state, known as the "window of implantation" (WOI). Displacement of the WOI may be the leading cause of recurrent implantation failure (RIF). However, at present, evaluation of the WOI lacks a valid and objective marker. This is because synchronization between the embryo and receptive endometrium is challenging to assess. Previous studies have suggested that pinopodes are excellent visual markers for evaluating endometrial receptivity and may be useful in predicting pregnancy. CASES: We report 2 clinical cases of RIF in successful pregnancy after personalized embryo transfer using detection of pinopodes. CONCLUSION: Interestingly, we found that increasing the dosage and prolonging the duration of progesterone improved problems of endometrial receptivity. The detection of pinopodes may be useful and helpful in determining the best timing for embryo transfer and predicting when implantation is displaced in patients with RIF.