Superantigen-mediated cellular cytotoxicity is dependent on antigen expression, but independent of the P-glycoprotein multidrug resistance phenotype

Superantigen-activated T cells can be targeted by monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to lyse MHC class II negative tumour cells. In this study we determined the susceptibility of the T-lymphoblastoid leukaemic cell line CCRF-CEM and its multidrug resistant sublines CCRF VCR100, CCRF VCR1000 and CCRF ADR5000 to lysis by monoclonal antibody-targeted and superantigen-activated T cells (superantigen-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, SDCC), A recombinant fusion protein of protein A and the superantigen Staphylococcus enterotoxin A (SEA) was used together with the mAbs anti-CD7, anti-CD38, anti-CD45RA and 4E3 (anti-P-glycoprotein) to correlate susceptibility to SDCC with expression of the MDR1-gene product, Our results demonstrated SDCC to be independent of MDR1-gene expression. This was further confirmed by blocking the function of Pgp in the leukaemic cell lines with a cyclosporine A derivative, which had no influence on SDCC. As expected, expression of the respective cell surface antigens on target cells had a strong impact on SDCC, although other factors seem to influence efficiency of SDCC as well.