Detection and Frequency of Lily Viruses in Argentina

In a survey of lily growing fields in various regions of Argentina, three viruses. Lily symptomless virus (LSV), Lily mottle virus (LMoV), and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), were found in Longiflorum, Asiatic, Oriental, Longiflorum x Asiatic (LA), and Oriental x Trumpet (OT) hybrids. The areas surveyed were between latitude 26 degrees 56' S and 43 degrees 03' S, and longitude 65 degrees 21' W and 71 degrees 29' W. Virus detection was performed by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) using polyclonal antiserum. In infected samples, viruses detected in decreasing order were LSV (60.5%), LMoV (51.0%), and CMV (28.7%) present in single or mixed infections. Virus infection varied among tested hybrids from 36.0% (Oriental Montecristo) to 94.7% (Lilium longiflorum Avita) in 2006 and from 38.9% (OT Yelloween) to 82.1% (LO Triumphator) in 2007, with an overall incidence of 64.1 and 70.7% in 2006 and 2007. respectively. A variation in virus incidence among localities was also observed. The highest virus incidence (89.6 and 87.6% in 2006 and 2007, respectively) was observed in Bahia Blanca (38 degrees 44' S, 62 degrees 16' W). The lowest virus incidences, detected in Trevellin (43 degrees 03' S, 71 degrees 29' W) and in Malargue (35 degrees 28' S, 69 degrees 35' W), were 47.4 and 48.6% in 2006 and 2007. respectively. Moreover, a different distribution of each virus was observed between localities. The high occurrence of viruses infecting lily crops in Argentina could be due to both the use of infected bulbs for propagation and the lack of preventive virus vector control measures.