Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Potential of Abelmoschus esculentus against Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes: Biochemical and Histopathological Observation

Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. There has been a constant search for natural compounds that possess an antidiabetic effect with little or no side effects unlike the synthetic compounds. This investigation was studied the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic potential of Abelmoschus esculentus aerial part extract (AEAP) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. STZ (60 mg/kg, p.o) was administered to induce the diabetes. After 14 days of blood glucose stabilization, diabetic rats were received AEAP, glipizide and rosuvastatin up to 45 days. Blood samples were collected on day 45 to estimate the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total protein, serum glutamate-pyruvate transferase (SGPT), total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoproteins and low-density lipoproteins and high-density lipoproteins, the lipid profile levels. Administration of AEAP at 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg dose in diabetic rats showed significant (p < 0.05) reduction in blood glucose level and increase in body weight than diabetic control rats. A significant (p < 0.05) increased level of Hb, TP, and decreased level of HbA1c, SGPT were observed after the treatment of AEAP. Also, elevated lipid profile levels returned to near normal in diabetic rats after administration of AEAP, 100 and 200 mg/kg dose, compared to diabetic control rats. The present study results indicated significantly the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic potential of AEAP in diabetic rats, which supports the medicinal properties of Abelmoschus esculentus.