Scalable Giga-pixels/s binary image morphological operations

Binary morphological operations are a building block in many computer vision applications. Several iterative morphological operations are commonly performed for image analysis resulting in a significant computational load on the processing unit, especially in a real-time computer vision system. Custom designed hardware can exploit the parallelism exhibited in binary image morphological operations. In this paper, we describe a scalable parallel Binary Morphological Unit (spBMU) which can produce 2x8-pixel (2 rows x 8 columns) outputs from one of fifteen primitive morphological operations based on a 30 mask. Multiple spBMU can be linked to achieve higher parallel performance. Operations include Sobel edge detection, dilation, erosion, Laplacian, and edge thinning. Implementation on an Altera CPLD has shown a sustained performance up to 720 million output pixels per second per chip at 45 MHz. Eight spBMUs, yielding 5.76 Giga-pixels/s, can be implemented with relatively small modification to the memory structure. The spBMU architecture and details of implementation are presented.