Advances in the use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19

被引:25
作者
Sun, JingKang [1 ,2 ]
Chen, YuTing [1 ,2 ]
Fan, XiuDe [2 ]
Wang, XiaoYun [2 ]
Han, QunYing [2 ]
Liu, ZhengWen [2 ]
机构
[1] Xian Med Univ, Xian, Peoples R China
[2] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Infect Dis, Xian 710061, Shaanxi, Peoples R China
关键词
Coronavirus; sars-CoV-2; chloroquine; hydroxychloroquine; antiviral; RESPIRATORY SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS; VIRUS-REPLICATION; SPIKE PROTEIN; ANTIMALARIAL-DRUGS; VIRAL-INFECTIONS; CUTTING EDGE; IN-VITRO; INHIBITION; ENTRY; ACTIVATION;
D O I
10.1080/00325481.2020.1778982
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is spreading worldwide. Antiviral therapy is the most important treatment for COVID-19. Among the drugs under investigation, anti-malarials, chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), are being repurposed as treatment for COVID-19. CQ/HCQ were shown to prevent receptor recognition by coronaviruses, inhibit endosome acidification, which interferes with membrane fusion, and exhibit immunomodulatory activity. These multiple mechanisms may work together to exert a therapeutic effect on COVID-19. A number ofin vitrostudies revealed inhibitory effects of CQ/HCQ on various coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 although conflicting results exist. Several clinical studies showed that CQ/HCQ alone or in combination with a macrolide may alleviate the clinical symptoms of COVID-19, promote viral conversion, and delay disease progression, with less serious adverse effects. However, recent studies indicated that the use of CQ/HCQ, alone or in combination with a macrolide, did not show any favorable effect on patients with COVID-19. Adverse effects, including prolonged QT interval after taking CQ/HCQ, may develop in COVID-19 patients. Therefore, current data are not sufficient enough to support the use of CQ/HCQ as therapies for COVID-19 and increasing caution should be taken about the application of CQ/HCQ in COVID-19 before conclusive findings are obtained by well-designed, multi-center, randomized, controlled studies.
引用
收藏
页码:604 / 613
页数:10
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