First Trimester Screening for Preeclampsia

Introduction Preeclampsia and its complications, eclampsia and HELLP syndrome (Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, Low Platelet count) are the most common causes of maternal and fetal morbidity worldwide. Despite numerous researches Pathogenesis of preeclampsia is not clearly known, although there are many studies that have claimed several theories, but there is no final theory, accepted by everyone. Preeclampsia superimposed upon chronic hypertension - This term describes a woman with chronic hypertension who develops signs of preeclampsia after the 20th week of pregnancy. [1-3]. Material and methods This study was conducted within the Department of Hematology the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of "Pius Brcenzeu" Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, which correlates Placental Growth Factor (PlGF) with tests of coagulability. So, we tried to establish PlGF levels as prognostic tool in patients with preeclampsia, according to the influence of cumulative risk. The study was applied to a group of 30 pregnant women who have given their consent freely to take part in this research study. Results and discussion Recent theories say that based on the etiology of preeclampsia a significant contribution has the imbalance existing between the angiogenesis - vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Placental Growth Factor (PlGF) and the antiangiogenic factors-soluble fms-Like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt1) and soluble endoglin (sEng) factors. PIGF and sFlt-1 can make the difference between a normal pregnancy and a preeclampsia, even before the onset of clinical symptoms. Conclusions PIGF's level is lower than in normal pregnancies in women who develop preeclampsia. The results of our study confirm the importance of determining this marker for the diagnosis and monitoring of pregnant women and at the same time stress that PIGF's value along with determination of the sFlt-1/PlGF report represents a good predictor of preeclampsia.