MHD three dimensional double diffusive flow of Casson nanofluid with buoyancy forces and nonlinear thermal radiation over a stretching surface

Purpose - This paper aims to deal with the study of heat and mass transfer on double-diffusive three-dimensional hydromagnetic boundary layer flow of an electrically conducting Casson nanofluid over a stretching surface. The combined effects of nonlinear thermal radiation, magnetic field, buoyancy forces, thermophoresis and Brownian motion are taken into consideration with convective boundary conditions. Design/methodology/approach - Similarity transformations are used to reduce the governing partial differential equations into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The reduced equations were numerically solved using Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg fourth-fifth-order method along with shooting technique. Findings - The impact of several existing physical parameters such as Casson parameter, mixed convection parameter, regular buoyancy ratio parameter, radiation parameter, Brownian motion parameter, thermophoresis parameter, temperature ratio parameter on velocity, temperature, solutal and nanofluid concentration profiles are analyzed through graphs and tables in detail. It is found that the solutal component increases for Dufour Lewis number, whereas it decreases for nanofluid Lewis number. Moreover, velocity profiles decrease for Casson parameter, while the Nusselt number increases for Biot number, radiation and temperature ratio parameter. Originality/value - This paper is a new work related to three-dimensional double-diffusive flow of Casson nanofluid with buoyancy and nonlinear thermal radiation effect.