Can There Be Such a Thing as a Sociology of Works of Art and Literary Texts? A Very French Epistemological Debate

Is it possible to undertake a sociological analysis of works of art? This article considers the arguments for both the negative and positive answers to this question that emerged in France in a vivid manner at the turn of the millennium. It examines the main arguments exchanged by the supporters and detractors of this sub-discipline of the sociology of art, notably those relating to the problem of interpretation (how does one verify this process sociologically when it is applied to a work of art?) and to the ways of presenting evidence. The discussion of these various arguments does not lead to the conclusion that it is impossible to explore heuristically the sociology of artworks in a pertinent way but to an insistence on heightened vigilance and to the formulation of certain principles for the use of sociologists who engage with such objects, if sometimes without the requisite caution.