Alpha and Beta Synucleins: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Application as Biomarkers

被引：55
作者：
Barba, Lorenzo [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Paolini Paoletti, Federico [1 ]
Bellomo, Giovanni [1 ]
Gaetani, Lorenzo [1 ]
Halbgebauer, Steffen [2 ]
Oeckl, Patrick [2 ,4 ]
Otto, Markus [2 ,3 ]
Parnetti, Lucilla [1 ]
机构：
[1] Univ Perugia, Neurol Sect, Dept Med & Surg, Lab Clin Neurochem, Perugia, Italy
[2] Univ Ulm, Dept Neurol, Ulm, Germany
[3] Martin Luther Univ Halle Wittenberg, Dept Neurol, Halle, Germany
[4] German Ctr Neurodegenerat Disorders Ulm DZNE eV, Ulm, Germany
来源：
MOVEMENT DISORDERS | 2022年 / 37卷 / 04期
关键词：
alpha-synuclein; beta-synuclein; cerebrospinal fluid; biomarkers; Parkinson's disease; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID BIOMARKERS; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; GAMMA-SYNUCLEIN; DOPAMINERGIC-NEURONS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; KNOCKOUT MICE; LEWY BODIES; BLOOD-CELLS; IN-VITRO; DEMENTIA;
D O I：
10.1002/mds.28941
中图分类号：
R74 [神经病学与精神病学];
学科分类号：
摘要：
The synuclein family includes three neuronal proteins, named alpha-synuclein, beta-synuclein, and gamma-synuclein, that have peculiar structural features. alpha-synuclein is largely known for being a key protein in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other synucleinopathies, namely, dementia with Lewy bodies and multisystem atrophy. The role of beta-synuclein and gamma-synuclein is less well understood in terms of physiological functions and potential contribution to human diseases. alpha-synuclein has been investigated extensively in both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood as a potential biomarker for synucleinopathies. Recently, great attention has been also paid to beta-synuclein, whose CSF and blood levels seem to reflect synaptic damage and neurodegeneration independent of the presence of synucleinopathy. In this review, we aim to provide an overview on the pathophysiological roles of the synucleins. Because gamma-synuclein has been poorly investigated in the field of synucleinopathy and its pathophysiological roles are far from being clear, we focus on the interactions between alpha-synuclein and beta-synuclein in PD. We also discuss the role of alpha-synuclein and beta-synuclein as potential biomarkers to improve the diagnostic characterization of synucleinopathies, thus highlighting their potential application in clinical trials for disease-modifying therapies. (c) 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
引用
收藏
页码：669 / 683
页数：15
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