Recent research on byproduct feeds for beef feedlot and cow-calf operations

Research data on dry and wet corn gluten feed (DCGF and WCGF, respectively) and dry and wet distillers grains plus solubles (DDG and WDG, respectively) is summarized. The production process is outlined along with data on variation in composition and moisture with wet corn byproducts, optimum corn processing with WCGF in finishing diets, roughage levels in finishing diets containing WCGF, and some data on use of dry byproducts in backgrounding or cow-calf situations with forage-based diets. Tremendous variation exists for some corn milling plants and variation exists from plant-to-plant. The variation is related predominantly to moisture in wet byproducts. Numerous studies have been recently conducted addressing corn processing and roughage because WCGF decreases the risk of acidosis in feedlot cattle. More intense processing of corn (i.e., high-moisture or steam-flaking) appear advantageous in diets containing 22% or more WCGF. With dry rolled corn (DRC) - based diets containing WCGF, roughage may not be required to maintain optimum intake, gain, and feed conversion. Roughage may be reduced from conventional levels, but it should not be eliminated in diets containing steam-flaked corn and WCGF. No data are available on distillers grains related to optimum roughage or corn processing. Corn milling byproducts may offer tremendous nutritional opportunities for cow-calf or calf growing situations where forage-based diets are fed. Byproducts are relatively high in fiber and appear to be suitable energy and protein replacements on ranches.