Nano Biomedical Potential of Biopolymer Chitosan-Capped Silver Nanoparticles with Special Reference to Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, Anticoagulant and Wound Dressing Material

Silver nanoparticles have been widely used to treat bacterial infections on wounds. Chitosan is a natural polymer having good biocompatibility and biodegradability. Chitosan have antibacterial effects and are largely used in healthcare practices to cure wounds. In this scenario, an attempt was made to biologically synthesize AgNPs using the chitosan extracted from shrimp shell waste. The synthesized Ch-AgNPs exhibited strong UV absorption spectra at 404 nm. XRD spectrum confirmed the presence of nanocrystals with an average crystallite size of 26 nm. HR-TEM images have shown spherical shaped particles with the size ranging between 10 and 50 nm. Ch-AgNPs exhibited antibacterial activity in a dose-dependent manner and greater activity was observed against P. aeruginosa. The zone of inhibition against P. aeruginosa was 10, 15 and 20 mm at 25, 50 and 100 mu g mL(-1), respectively. The zone of inhibition against MRSA was 8, 15 and 18 mm at 25, 50 and 100 mu g mL(-1) respectively. Ch-AgNPs effectively inhibited the biofilm of MRSA and P. aeruginosa at 100 mu g mL(-1). In addition, Ch-AgNPs coated band-aid cloth showed greater antibacterial activity compared to uncoated band-aid cloth. Furthermore, Ch-AgNPs exhibited anticoagulant activity by inhibiting the coagulation of human blood for 24 h.