Kynurenines in the mammalian brain: when physiology meets pathology

被引：1138

作者：

Schwarcz, Robert ^{[1
]}

Bruno, John P. ^{[2
,3
]}

Muchowski, Paul J. ^{[4
,5
]}

Wu, Hui-Qiu ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Maryland Psychiat Res Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA

[2] Ohio State Univ, Dept Psychol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

[3] Ohio State Univ, Dept Neurosci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

[4] Univ Calif San Francisco, Taube Koret Ctr Huntingtons Dis Res, Gladstone Inst Neurol Dis, Dept Biochem & Biophys, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA

[5] Univ Calif San Francisco, Taube Koret Ctr Huntingtons Dis Res, Gladstone Inst Neurol Dis, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA

来源：

NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE | 2012年 / 13卷 / 07期

基金：

美国国家卫生研究院;

关键词：

EXTRACELLULAR DOPAMINE LEVELS; EXCITOTOXIN QUINOLINIC ACID; INDOLEAMINE 2,3 DIOXYGENASE; RAT-BRAIN; TRYPTOPHAN-METABOLISM; PATHWAY METABOLISM; 3-HYDROXYANTHRANILIC ACID; AMINOTRANSFERASE-II; HUNTINGTONS-DISEASE; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID;

D O I：

10.1038/nrn3257

中图分类号：

Q189 [神经科学];

学科分类号：

071006 ;

摘要：

The essential amino acid tryptophan is not only a precursor of serotonin but is also degraded to several other neuroactive compounds, including kynurenic acid, 3-hydroxykynurenine and quinolinic acid. The synthesis of these metabolites is regulated by an enzymatic cascade, known as the kynurenine pathway, that is tightly controlled by the immune system. Dysregulation of this pathway, resulting in hyper- or hypofunction of active metabolites, is associated with neurodegenerative and other neurological disorders, as well as with psychiatric diseases such as depression and schizophrenia. With recently developed pharmacological agents, it is now possible to restore metabolic equilibrium and envisage novel therapeutic interventions.

引用

页码：465 / 477

页数：13

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