Bio-inspired beehive-like hierarchical nanoporous carbon derived from bamboo-based industrial by-product as a high performance supercapacitor electrode material

Bio-inspired beehive-like hierarchical nanoporous carbon (BHNC) with a high specific surface area of 1472 m(2) g(-1) and a good electronic conductivity of 4.5 S cm(-1) is synthesized by carbonizing the industrial waste of bamboo-based by-product. The BHNC sample exhibits remarkable electrochemical performances as a supercapacitor electrode material, such as a high specific capacitance of 301 F g(-1) at 0.1 A g(-1), still maintaining a value of 192 F g(-1) at 100 A g(-1), negligible capacitance loss after 20 000 cycles at 1 A g(-1), and a high power density of 26 000 W kg(-1) at an energy density of 6.1 W h kg(-1) based on active electrode materials in an aqueous electrolyte system. Moreover, an enhanced power density of 42 000 W kg(-1) at a high energy density of 43.3 W h kg(-1) is obtained in an ionic liquid electrolyte system, which places the BHNC-based supercapacitors in the Ragone chart among the best energy-power synergetic outputting properties ever reported for carbon-based supercapacitors.