Preparation and application of TiO2 film with large pores in dye-sensitized solar cell

Nano-crystalline TiO2 film was prepared by combining the sol-gel and hydrothermal process. The crystal type was identified as anatase. To improve the photoelectric properties, the TiO2 film electrode with 200 nm spherical pores was prepared. This film is with fine diffuse reflection properties, and more importantly, the penetration of the gel electrolyte and the diffusion properties of I3(-) ion are enhanced. As a result, the short-circuit photocurrent of this gel electrolyte system is increased by about 2 mA (.) cm(-2) and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is increased by about 0.6%.