High-Resolution Climate Simulations Using GFDL HiRAM with a Stretched Global Grid

被引:125
作者
Harris, Lucas M. [1 ]
Lin, Shian-Jiann [1 ]
Tu, ChiaYing [2 ]
机构
[1] Princeton Univ, NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Forrestal Campus,201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA
[2] Acad Sinica, Res Ctr Environm Changes, Taipei 115, Taiwan
关键词
AQUA-PLANET EXPERIMENT; FINITE-VOLUME; AQUAPLANET SIMULATIONS; VARIABLE-RESOLUTION; TROPICAL CYCLONES; ATLANTIC HURRICANES; ATMOSPHERIC MODEL; COLUMN PHYSICS; DYNAMICAL CORE; GCM;
D O I
10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0389.1
中图分类号
P4 [大气科学(气象学)];
学科分类号
0706 ; 070601 ;
摘要
An analytic Schmidt transformation is used to create locally refined global model grids capable of efficient climate simulation with gridcell widths as small as 10 km in the GFDL High-Resolution Atmosphere Model (HiRAM). This method of grid stretching produces a grid that varies very gradually into the region of enhanced resolution without changing the topology of the model grid and does not require radical changes to the solver. AMIP integrations were carried out with two grids stretched to 10-km minimum gridcell width: one centered over East Asia and the western Pacific warm pool, and the other over the continental United States. Robust improvements to orographic precipitation, the diurnal cycle of warm-season continental precipitation, and tropical cyclone maximum intensity were found in the region of enhanced resolution, compared to 25-km uniform-resolution HiRAM. The variations in grid size were not found to create apparent grid artifacts, and in some measures the global-mean climate improved in the stretched-grid simulations. In the enhancedresolution regions, the number of tropical cyclones was reduced, but the fraction of storms reaching hurricane intensity increased, compared to a uniform-resolution simulation. This behavior was also found in a stretched-grid perpetual-September aquaplanet simulation with 12-km resolution over a part of the tropics. Furthermore, the stretched-grid aquaplanet simulation was also largely free of grid artifacts except for an artificial Walker-type circulation, and simulated an ITCZ in its unrefined region more resembling that of higher-resolution aquaplanet simulations, implying that the unrefined region may also be improved in stretched-grid simulations. The improvements due to stretching are attributable to improved resolution as these stretched-grid simulations were sparingly tuned.
引用
收藏
页码:4293 / 4314
页数:22
相关论文
共 62 条
  • [51] A Stretched Icosahedral Grid by a New Grid Transformation
    Tomita, Hirofumi
    [J]. JOURNAL OF THE METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN, 2008, 86A : 107 - 119
  • [52] Error and Energy Budget Analysis of a Nonhydrostatic Stretched-Grid Global Atmospheric Model
    Uchida, Junya
    Mori, Masato
    Nakamura, Hisashi
    Satoh, Masaki
    Suzuki, Kentaroh
    Nakajima, Teruyuki
    [J]. MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW, 2016, 144 (04) : 1423 - 1447
  • [53] Objectively determined resolution-dependent threshold criteria for the detection of tropical cyclones in climate models and reanalyses
    Walsh, K. J. E.
    Fiorino, M.
    Landsea, C. W.
    McInnes, K. L.
    [J]. JOURNAL OF CLIMATE, 2007, 20 (10) : 2307 - 2314
  • [54] An Updated TRMM Composite Climatology of Tropical Rainfall and Its Validation
    Wang, Jian-Jian
    Adler, Robert F.
    Huffman, George J.
    Bolvin, David
    [J]. JOURNAL OF CLIMATE, 2014, 27 (01) : 273 - 284
  • [55] Equivalent finite volume and Eulerian spectral transform horizontal resolutions established from aqua-planet simulations
    Williamson, David L.
    [J]. TELLUS SERIES A-DYNAMIC METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY, 2008, 60 (05): : 839 - 847
  • [56] The Aqua-Planet Experiment (APE): Response to Changed Meridional SST Profile
    Williamson, David L.
    Blackburn, Michael
    Nakajima, Kensuke
    Ohfuchi, Wataru
    Takahashi, Yoshiyuki O.
    Hayashi, Yoshi-Yuki
    Nakamura, Hisashi
    Ishiwatari, Masaki
    Mcgregor, John L.
    Borth, Hartmut
    Wirth, Volkmar
    [J]. JOURNAL OF THE METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN, 2013, 91A : 57 - 89
  • [57] Beyond Weather Time-Scale Prediction for Hurricane Sandy and Super Typhoon Haiyan in a Global Climate Model
    Xiang, Baoqiang
    Lin, Shian-Jiann
    Zhao, Ming
    Zhang, Shaoqing
    Vecchi, Gabriel
    Li, Tim
    Jiang, Xianan
    Harris, Lucas
    Chen, Jan-Huey
    [J]. MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW, 2015, 143 (02) : 524 - 535
  • [58] Effects of Localized Grid Refinement on the General Circulation and Climatology in the Community Atmosphere Model
    Zarzycki, Colin M.
    Jablonowski, Christiane
    Thatcher, Diana R.
    Taylor, Mark A.
    [J]. JOURNAL OF CLIMATE, 2015, 28 (07) : 2777 - 2803
  • [59] Some Counterintuitive Dependencies of Tropical Cyclone Frequency on Parameters in a GCM
    Zhao, Ming
    Held, Isaac M.
    Lin, Shian-Jiann
    [J]. JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 2012, 69 (07) : 2272 - 2283
  • [60] An Analysis of the Effect of Global Warming on the Intensity of Atlantic Hurricanes Using a GCM with Statistical Refinement
    Zhao, Ming
    Held, Isaac M.
    [J]. JOURNAL OF CLIMATE, 2010, 23 (23) : 6382 - 6393