Regulation of toxin gene expression in Clostridium perfringens

被引:29
作者
Ohtani, Kaori [1 ]
Shimizu, Tohru [1 ]
机构
[1] Kanazawa Univ, Grad Sch Med Sci, Dept Bacteriol, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9208640, Japan
关键词
Substance A; Two-component system; Cell-cell signaling; Regulatory RNA; Cell-pathogen signaling; ENTEROPATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; VIRULENCE GENES; PERFRINGOLYSIN-O; VIRR/VIRS SYSTEM; MUTANTS; LOCUS; COMPLEMENTATION; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSCRIPTION; 2-COMPONENT;
D O I
10.1016/j.resmic.2014.09.010
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
The Gram-positive, anaerobic, spore-forming, rod-shaped Clostridium perfringens is widely distributed in nature, especially in soil and the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. C. perfringens causes clostridial myonecrosis (or gas gangrene), enteritis and enterotoxemia in humans and livestock by producing numerous extracellular toxins and enzymes. The toxin gene expression is regulated by a two-component regulatory system and regulatory RNA VirR/VirS-VR-RNA cascade. The VirR/VirS system was originally found in a type A strain, but a recent report showed that it is also important for the toxin gene regulation in other types of strains. Two types of cell cell signaling, i.e., agr-system and AI-2 signaling, are also important for the regulation of toxin genes. Several regulatory systems independent from the VirR/VirS system, including virX, the orphan histidine kinase ReeS and orphan response regulator RevR, are also involved in the regulation of toxin genes. In addition, the expression of toxin genes is upregulated after contact with Caco-2 cells. C. perfringens has a complex regulatory network for toxin gene expression and thus the coordination of toxin gene expression is important for the process of infection. (C) 2014 Institut Pasteur. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:280 / 289
页数:10
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