A Retrospective Analysis of Female Mullerian Duct Anomalies in Association With Congenital Renal Abnormalities

Study objective: Mullerian (paramesonephric) duct anomalies (MDAs) are associated with several coexisting congenital abnormalities, in-cluding renal abnormalities. Although congenital renal abnormalities may remain asymptomatic, the consequences should not be underes-timated. In both the literature and clinical practice, it remains necessary to improve awareness of the co-occurrence of different congenital renal abnormalities in women with MDAs. To gain further insight into this co-occurrence and to estimate whether guidelines for women with MDAs should be optimized, this study was performed. Design: A descriptive retrospective analysis. Setting: University Medical Centre Utrecht in the Netherlands. Participants: Women with MDAs diagnosed or treated between 1980 and 2015. Interventions: None. Main outcome measures: The prevalence of the co-occurrence of congenital renal abnormalities in women with MDAs. Results: Renal status was recorded in 186 of 255 women (72.9%), and the other women (27.1%) did not have a retrievable renal status. Congenital renal abnormalities were present in 90 of 186 women (48.4%) and were observed most frequently in women having a duplex uterus with obstructed hemivagina. The most common renal abnormality was unilateral renal agenesis, which was observed in 58 of 90 women (64.4%). Conclusions: MDAs are highly associated with different congenital renal abnormalities, and these results emphasize that women with MDAs should be routinely screened for their co-occurrence. However, these results also highlight that there remains a lack of awareness of this association. Whether all women with congenital renal abnormalities should be routinely screened for MDAs requires further investigation.