The bow tie structure of the Bitcoin users graph

被引:16
作者
Maesa, Damiano Di Francesco [1 ]
Marino, Andrea [2 ]
Ricci, Laura [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cambridge, Dept Comp Sci & Technol, William Gates Bldg, Cambridge, England
[2] Univ Pisa, Dept Comp Sci, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, Pisa, Italy
关键词
Bitcoin; Blockchain; Graph analysis; Bow tie; Complex networks;
D O I
10.1007/s41109-019-0163-y
中图分类号
TP301 [理论、方法];
学科分类号
081202 ;
摘要
The availability of the entire Bitcoin transaction history, stored in its public blockchain, offers interesting opportunities for analysing the transaction graph to obtain insight on users behaviour. This paper presents an analysis of the Bitcoin users graph, obtained by clustering the transaction graph, to highlight its connectivity structure and the economical meaning of the different obtained components. In fact, the bow tie structure, already observed for the graph of the web, is augmented, in the Bitocoin users graph, with the economical information about the entities involved. We study the connectivity components of the users graph individually, to infer their macroscopic contribution to the whole economy. We define and evaluate a set of measures of nodes inside each component to characterize and quantify such a contribution. We also perform a temporal analysis of the evolution of the resulting bow tie structure. Our findings confirm our hypothesis on the components semantic, defined in terms of their economical role in the flow of value inside the graph.
引用
收藏
页数:22
相关论文
共 21 条
[1]  
Androulaki E., 2013, LNCS, V7859, P34, DOI [DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-39884-1, 10.1007/978-3-642-39884-14, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-39884-14]
[2]  
[Anonymous], 2019, BLOCKCHAIN INFO TAGS
[3]  
Bartoletti Massimo, 2017, Financial Cryptography and Data Security. FC 2017 International Workshops WAHC, BITCOIN, VOTING, WTSC, and TA. Revised Selected Papers: LNCS 10323, P218, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-70278-0_14
[4]   SoK: Research Perspectives and Challenges for Bitcoin and Cryptocurrencies [J].
Bonneau, Joseph ;
Miller, Andrew ;
Clark, Jeremy ;
Narayanan, Arvind ;
Kroll, Joshua A. ;
Felten, Edward W. .
2015 IEEE SYMPOSIUM ON SECURITY AND PRIVACY SP 2015, 2015, :104-121
[5]   Graph structure in the Web [J].
Broder, A ;
Kumar, R ;
Maghoul, F ;
Raghavan, P ;
Rajagopalan, S ;
Stata, R ;
Tomkins, A ;
Wiener, J .
COMPUTER NETWORKS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKING, 2000, 33 (1-6) :309-320
[6]  
Di Francesco Maesa Damiano, 2017, Online Social Networks and Media, V3, P63, DOI 10.1016/j.osnem.2017.10.006
[7]   Mining the inner structure of the Web graph [J].
Donato, Debora ;
Leonardi, Stefano ;
Millozzi, Stefano ;
Tsaparas, Panayiotis .
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL, 2008, 41 (22)
[8]  
Harrigan M, 2016, 2016 INT IEEE CONFERENCES ON UBIQUITOUS INTELLIGENCE & COMPUTING, ADVANCED & TRUSTED COMPUTING, SCALABLE COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS, CLOUD AND BIG DATA COMPUTING, INTERNET OF PEOPLE, AND SMART WORLD CONGRESS (UIC/ATC/SCALCOM/CBDCOM/IOP/SMARTWORLD), P368, DOI [10.1109/UIC-ATC-ScalCom-CBDCom-IoP-SmartWorld.2016.136, 10.1109/UIC-ATC-ScalCom-CBDCom-IoP-SmartWorld.2016.0071]
[9]   Do the Rich Get Richer? An Empirical Analysis of the Bitcoin Transaction Network [J].
Kondor, Daniel ;
Posfai, Marton ;
Csabai, Istvan ;
Vattay, Gabor .
PLOS ONE, 2014, 9 (02)
[10]   Analyzing the Bitcoin Network: The First Four Years [J].
Lischke, Matthias ;
Fabian, Benjamin .
FUTURE INTERNET, 2016, 8 (01)