Es la mas mejor. On lexicalization of synthetic comparatives as positive adjectives in Modern Spanish

被引:1
作者
Feliu Arquiola, Elena [1 ]
Pato, Enrique [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Jaen, Jaen, Spain
[2] Univ Montreal, Montreal, PQ, Canada
来源
REVISTA SIGNOS | 2021年 / 54卷 / 106期
关键词
Modern Spanish; grammar; variation; comparative adjectives; lexicalization;
D O I
10.4067/S0718-09342021000200332
中图分类号
H0 [语言学];
学科分类号
030303 ; 0501 ; 050102 ;
摘要
This paper takes a quantitative approach to analyzing the behavior of Spanish synthetic comparatives when they are preceded by the quantifiers mas and menos. In particular, taking the data obtained from the Corpus del espanol: Web/Dialectos, we give an account of their current geographical distribution, as well as we determine what forms are used (and how often), in what syntactic-discursive contexts they appear and how their positivization process is outlined. These combinations (documented since ancient times) are not exclusive to Spain, but are also used in some American Spanish varieties. Several tests support the process of 'positivization': the synthetic comparatives are documented combined with the degree modifier muy (muy mayor/menor/mejor/peor); they allow-mente derivation (mejormente, peormente, mayormente, menormente), as well as coordination with another adjective in comparative constructions (mas mejor y mas larga). In addition, we show that the lexicalization of mayor as a positive adjective does not only take place when this adjective has a temporal meaning (persona mas mayor), but also when its meaning relates to real or figurative physical dimension (los mas mayores yacimientos de cobre). The same thing is found in menor, which presents both a temporal meaning (el mas menor de sus hijos) and a physical dimension meaning (delitos mas menores). As for mejor and peor, the former would be undergoing a lexicalization process with the meaning 'more good/well' (los mas mejores ladrones), while the latter a process with the meaning of 'more bad/badly' (el menos peor de los escenarios).
引用
收藏
页码:332 / 353
页数:22
相关论文
共 25 条
  • [1] Academie francaise, 2015, PLUS PIR MOINS PIR D PLUS PIR MOINS PIR D
  • [2] ALARCOS Emilio LLORACH., 1999, Gramatica de la lengua espanola
  • [3] [Anonymous], 1969, SINTAXIS HISPANOAMER
  • [4] [Anonymous], 1998, GRAMATICA DIDACTICA
  • [5] Bello A., 1847, Gramatica de la lengua castellana destinad a al uso de los americanos
  • [6] Bosque Ignacio., 1999, GRAM TICA DESCRIPTIV, P217
  • [7] de Covarrubias Sebastian., 1611, Tesoro de la lengua castellana, o espanola
  • [8] DEDIEGO VG, 1970, GRAMATICA HIST ESPAN
  • [9] Feliu Arquiola E., 2020, TORNO DENOMINADA CON
  • [10] Grandgent Ch. H., 1970, INTRO LATIN VULGAR INTRO LATIN VULGAR