Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Inclined Jet Impingement on a Flat Plate

The effects of a turbulent inclined jet impinging on a horizontal flat surface were investigated numerically with respect to the flow field and heat transfer characteristics. Main purpose of the study was to show the effects of inclined jet impingement on flow characteristics, which affects the heat transfer on a surface with a constant heat flux. Simulations were performed for different dimensionless jet-to-plate distances (2 < H/D < 8), inclination angle of the jet (45 degrees < alpha < 90 degrees), and Reynolds number (1500 < Re < 30000). The heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics have been discussed using temperature contours and velocity vectors. Initial simulation results have been validated with experimental data from the literature, and a fairly good agreement has been achieved. Results showed that by decreasing the inclination angle, a decrease in the maximum heat transfer occurs. The ratio of the maximum Nusselt number to the stagnation Nusselt number increases as the jet angle is increased.