We present detailed experimental results of simultaneous frequency doubling and pulse compression of chirped pulses from a femtosecond optical parametric oscillator using a second-harmonic crystal of aperiodically poled lithium niobate comprising eight different linearly chirped gratings. Our results are compared with a numerical model that incorporates the complex amplitude of the input pulse determined with frequency-resolved optical gating. We use the results of this model to analyze and discuss several aspects of the pulse-generation process. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America.