Ghostly galaxies as solitons of Bose-Einstein dark matter

被引:37
作者
Broadhurst, Tom [1 ,2 ,3 ]
De Martino, Ivan [2 ]
Luu, Hoang Nhan [4 ,5 ]
Smoot, George F. [4 ,5 ,6 ,7 ,8 ]
Tye, S-H Henry [4 ,5 ,9 ]
机构
[1] Univ Basque Country, Dept Theoret Phys, UPV EHU, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
[2] Donostia Int Phys Ctr, Donostia San Sebastian 20018, Gipuzkoa, Spain
[3] Basque Fdn Sci, Ikerbasque, E-48011 Bilbao, Spain
[4] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Adv Study, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
[5] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
[6] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, IAS, Kowloon, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong 999077, Peoples R China
[7] Univ Paris Diderot, Paris Ctr Cosmol Phys, CEA Irfu, IN2P3,APC,AstroParticule & Cosmol,CNRS, Paris, France
[8] Univ Sorbonne Paris Cite, 10 Rue Alice Domon & Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France
[9] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
关键词
DWARF SPHEROIDAL GALAXIES; MASS; CLUSTER; CONSTRAINTS; SATELLITE; DISCOVERY; MODELS; SIZE; STAR; HALO;
D O I
10.1103/PhysRevD.101.083012
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
The large dark cores of common dwarf galaxies are unexplained by the standard heavy particle interpretation of dark matter. This puzzle is exacerbated by the discovery of a very large but barely visible, dark matter dominated galaxy Antlia II orbiting the Milky Way, uncovered by tracking star motions with the Gaia satellite. Although Antlia II has a low mass, its visible radius is more than double any known dwarf galaxy, with an unprecedentedly low density core. We show that Antlia II favors dark matter as a Bose-Einstein condensate, for which the ground state is a stable soliton with a core radius given by the de Broglie wavelength. The lower the galaxy mass, the larger the de Broglie wavelength, so the least massive galaxies should have the widest soliton cores of lowest density. An ultralight boson of m(Psi) similar to 1.1 x 10(-22) eV accounts well for the large size and slowly moving stars within Antlia II and agrees with boson mass estimates derived from the denser cores of more massive dwarf galaxies. For this very light boson, Antlia II is close to the lower limiting Jeans scale for galaxy formation permitted by the uncertainty principle, so other examples are expected but none significantly larger in size. This simple explanation for the puzzling dark cores of dwarf galaxies implies dark matter as an ultralight boson, such as an axion generic in string theory.
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页数:8
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