Lipoedema: detailed left atrial volumetric and strain analysis by three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography from the MAGYAR-Path Study

Introduction: Lipoedema is a chronic feminine disease with disproportional painful fat deposition of the lower body half and occassional arm affection. Aim: The objective of the present study was to assess LA volumetric and functional properties by three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (3DSTE) in patients with lipoedema and to compare their results to age- and gender-matched healthy controls. It was also aimed to examine whether one-hour use of medical compression stockings (MCS) has any effect on LA volumes and functional properties. Material and methods: The study comprised 25 female patients with stage 2 lipoedema (mean age: 42.5 +/- 12.2 years). Their results were compared to those of the control group consisting of 54 age- and gender-matched healthy female subjects (mean age: 42.7 +/- 10.6 years) without classic risk factors. Results: Increased LA volumes could be measured in lipoedema patients as compared to controls regardless of the phase of the cardiac cycle it was measured in, and the LA volumes showed further increase after 1-hour use of MCS. Similarly, LA total and active stroke volumes and LA passive emptying fraction were increased in lipoedema patients, and these parameters were further increased in systole and early-diastole. Peak global radial and 3D strains were increased in lipoedema patients. Peak global longitudinal strain increased in lipoedema patients after one-hour use of MCS compared to data measured at rest. Conclusions: Lipoedema is associated with increased LA volumes and changes in LA functional properties. The use of MCS further increases some of the LA volumetric parameters.